abstract

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a chronic condition that affects not only physical health but also psychological, social, and environmental aspects of life. With the widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLHIV) are experiencing increased life expectancy; however, their quality of life (QOL) remains influenced by persistent psychosocial and socioeconomic challenges.

Aim: The study aimed to explore the quality of life of people living with HIV attending antiretroviral therapy centres in selected hospitals of Tripura.

Methods: A phenomenological qualitative research design was adopted to capture the lived experiences of PLHIV. In-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted among 25–30 participants selected through non-probability convenience sampling from ART centres of GB Hospital and Dharmanagar Hospital, Tripura. Data were analyzed using content and thematic analysis to identify emerging themes related to quality of life.

Results: Four major themes emerged from the analysis: physical well-being, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental and economic factors. Participants reported persistent fatigue, recurrent infections, and ART-related side effects affecting daily functioning and employment. Psychological challenges included anxiety, depression, fear of disclosure, and uncertainty about the future. Social stigma, discrimination, and strained family relationships led to social isolation and concealment of HIV status. Economic insecurity, employment challenges, and barriers to healthcare access further influenced quality of life. Despite these challenges, access to ART services and supportive healthcare providers contributed positively to coping and treatment adherence.

Conclusion: The quality of life of PLHIV is multidimensional and extends beyond clinical outcomes. While ART has improved physical health and survival, psychosocial and economic challenges continue to affect overall well-being. Comprehensive HIV care should integrate medical management with psychological support, stigma-reduction interventions, and social support systems to enhance the quality of life of PLHIV.